Non-repudiation ensures that the sender of a message cannot refute the fact of sending that message in case of disputes. It should be quite clear that the rail-fence technique is quite simple for a cryptanalyst to break into. IP Spoofing attacks are more challenging than the DOS attacks, if the attacker intends to use the consequence of the attack for his own benefit. A DOS aitack can be launched in many ways. Using certain security mechanisms, we can prevent release of message contents.
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